Hi Travis,
On the iPhone 14 the proximity flex cable will cause a kernel panic if the sensor on it cannot be read, which is exactly what's happening with your reboots. If you actually time the reboots, you'll find they're happening every three minutes, which is the interval in which the phone checks its sensors.
You can read all about it on the iPhone Kernel Panics wiki page here.
[[iPhone Kernel Panics|iPhone Kernel Panics - iFixit|new_window=true]]
The upshot is your information about the torn proximity flex cable was incorrect; your phone is going to reboot itself every three minutes from now to eternity until you replace that part. Here's what you need.
[link|https://www.repairsuniverse.com/products/iphone-14-pro-max-proximity-light-sensor-replacement|iPhone 14 Pro Max Proximity Light Sensor Replacement – Repairs Universe|new_window=true]